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Art and Culture with Devdutt | How irrigation made rice foundation of Indian civilisation

By 1500 CE, India held one of the largest rice-growing zones on the planet, running from Assam and Bengal across the Ganga plain down to the deltas of the south. What were the key factors that contributed to the widespread expansion of…

Art and Culture with Devdutt | How irrigation made rice foundation of Indian civilisation
6 min readNew DelhiSep 11, 2026 08:18 PM IST
rice cultivation, India, civilisationThe history of rice is the history of how people learned to control water. (Image generated using AI)
Rice did not become India’s dominant grain overnight. Its rise took thousands of years of migration, farming innovation, and above all, irrigation. The history of rice is the history of how people learned to control water. 

As farmers built ponds, tanks, canals, and dams, they turned forest into fields, fed growing populations, and laid the foundations of some of India’s greatest kingdoms.

How Indian rice took shape

The earliest evidence of rice cultivation in South Asia comes from Lahuradewa in present-day Uttar Pradesh, dating to roughly 6500 to 5000 BCE. Farmers grew it in marshes, riverbanks, and seasonal floodplains, relying on rainfall and natural flooding rather than any built irrigation.

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Reported by Devdutt · Syndicated via official news feed

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